The phytosensor measures physiological and electrophysiological parameters of plants (productive and domestic plants, herbs, shrubs, trees). In addition to phytosensing, the device can perform phytoactuation, i.e. control light, irrigation or fertilization. The combination of phytosensing and phytoactuation allows not only to monitor the physiological state of plants in real time, but also to enable biological organisms to control environmental parameters, optimize growth conditions or cope with stress factors. Phytoactuation based on biofeedback is the next step in the development of hydroponics, vertical farming and controlled environment agriculture.

The system measures (depends on electrodes):

1. Biopotentials (action potentials and system potentials), 2 channels
2. Tissue impedance (leaf and stem fluid content, water uptake), 2 channels
3. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ionic analysis of tissues, photosynthates vs ionic fluids)
4. Leaf transpiration (optional – leaf temperature), single channel
5. Stem’s sap flow,  electrochemical (optional – heat-impulse/balance), 2 point measurements
6. Soil moisture and roots performance (SMRP sensor) (optional – soil temperature)
7. Multispectral reflectance measurements (chlorophyll content, 14-channel multi-spectral sensor, VIS-NIR, AS7343 chip)
8. Photosynthetically active radiation (AS7343 chip) 
9. Biomass growth sensor (dielectric measurements, 0.5-3 MHz), single and differential electrodes 
10. Fruit biomass sensor (dielectric measurements, 0.5-3 MHz)
11. Acoustic loudness sensor (audio, 20Hz-20kHz, adapted for low-sampling rate)
12. Environmental parameters: 3D accelerometer/magnetometer, EM power meter, air temperature and humidity, pressure, light (on external sensor panel)
13. Supported external sensors: CO2, O2, ion-selective electrodes, any sensors with analog or I2C interface
14. Impedance measurements can conduct a micro-current stimulation (2 channels)
15. Real-time regression/spectral/correlation/statistical analysis is available for all measurements.

Actuation (control of external devices, with power management system):

• 6 solid state/ electromechanical relays, high power MOSFETs
• 220V/110V actuation for light (full spectra, far-red, UV)
• 12V/24V for irrigation (pumps or solenoids)
• Water/air preparation, e.g. pH control, adding fertilizers, ozonation/AOP (advanced oxidation process),  aeration/OMB (O2 microbubbles), magnetic treatment